منابع مشابه
Textbook germinal centers?
Models for the development and function of germinal centers (GCs) have been so widely discussed in the original literature that they now appear in immunology textbooks. Unfortunately, many of the tenets of these models have not yet been subjected to adequate experimental scrutiny. Indeed, recent studies have called several of their principal assumptions into question. In addition, the term germ...
متن کاملGerminal Centers without T Cells
Germinal centers are critical for affinity maturation of antibody (Ab) responses. This process allows the production of high-efficiency neutralizing Ab that protects against virus infection and bacterial exotoxins. In germinal centers, responding B cells selectively mutate the genes that encode their receptors for antigen. This process can change Ab affinity and specificity. The mutated cells t...
متن کاملDoes Recycling in Germinal Centers Exist?
A general criterion is formulated in order to decide if recycling of B-cells exists in GC reactions. The criterion is independent of the selection and affinity maturation process and based solely on total centroblast population arguments. An experimental test is proposed to verify whether the criterion is fulfilled.
متن کاملBiology of germinal centers in lymphoid tissue.
Germinal centers in lymphoid tissue are the sites of generation of memory B cells undergoing isotype switching and somatic mutation in their Ig genes. Their formation cannot be induced by stimuli other than immunogenic ones. It seems likely that in the function and possibly also in the formation of germinal centers, one important factor is the localization of immune complexes with fixed complem...
متن کاملGerminal centers regulate human Th2 development.
In the present study we demonstrate that all CD4(+) T cells in human tonsil expressing the Th2-selective receptor chemoattractant receptor-homologous molecule expressed on Th2 cells (CRTH2) also 1) express high levels of CXCR5, and 2) display a transitional CD45RA/RO phenotype and consistently do not produce significant amounts of cytokines when immediately analyzed ex vivo. Hence, they represe...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Frontiers in Immunology
سال: 2018
ISSN: 1664-3224
DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01858